Gerund – Infinitive az angolban

VERBS FOLLOWED BY GERUND (-ING FORM)

 

admit	deny	finish	pardon
anticipate	detest	imagine	postpone
appreciate	dislike	involve	practise
avoid	enjoy	keep (continue)	prevent
carry on	escape	loathe	propose (suggest)
consider	excuse	mind (object)	risk
delay	fancy (imagine)	miss	suggest

 

AFTER, BEFORE and ALL THE PREPOSITIONS are followed by GERUND. We use the gerund after go + activity (especially sports).

 

All verb + preposition and verb + object + preposition are followed by gerund.

 

accuse sy of	decide against	give up	succeed in
apologise for	disapprove of	go on	suspect sy of
approve of	dream of	insist on	thank sy for
be / get used to	feel like	look forward to	think about / of
congratulate sy on	forgive sy for	stop sy from	warn sy against

 

We also use the gerund after some phrases:

 

It’s no use	It’s a waste of money	spend (time)
It’s no good	It’s a waste of time	waste (of time /  money )
It’s (not) worth	have difficulty	There’s no point in
can’t help	can’t stand	be busy

 

VERBS FOLLOWED BY INFINITIVE (TO + VERB)

 

afford	consent	force*	persuade*	teach*
agree	decide	get* (persuade)	plan	tell*
aim	decline	guarantee	prepare	tend
appear	demand	happen	prove	threaten
arrange	deserve	hesitate	pretend	undertake
ask**	determine	hope	proceed	volunteer
attempt	be determined	invite*	promise**	want**
be / be about	enable*	learn	refuse	warn*
beg**	endeavour	long	remind*	wish
care	employ*	manage	resolve	would hate**
choose	expect**	offer	seem	would like/love**
claim	fail	order*	swear	would prefer**

*   starred verbs are followed by an object + infinitive

** starred verbs can be used with or without an object

 

VERBS FOLLOWED BY GERUND   OR   OBJECT + INFINITIVE

 

advise

allow

encourage

forbid

permit

recommend

 

VERBS FOLLOWED BY BARE INFINITIVE (WITHOUT TO)

 

dare

help

let

make

would rather

 

Note: ‘help’ and ‘dare’ can be used with or without to. ‘Make’ in the passive is followed by to + infinitive. With an object after ‘would rather’ we use Subjunctive.

 

VERBS FOLLOWED BY GERUND OR INFINITIVE WITHOUT A DIFFERENCE IN MEANING

 

begin	continue	intend	start
bother	hate	love	prefer

 

 

VERBS FOLLOWED BY GERUND OR INFINITIVE WITH A DIFFERENCE IN MEANING

forget	like	need	regret	stop
go on	mean	propose	remember	try

All the verbs of sensation (see, hear, feel, smell) can be followed by gerund or infinitive without to.

 

Meaning and examples:

forget + inf. = not to remember

E. g.: I forgot to lock the door. I have to go back.

forget + gerund = remember doing something in the past

E. g.: I will never forget meeting her for the first time.

 

go on + inf. = do or say something new

E. g.: After writing his homework he went on to learn the words.

go on + gerund = continue

E. g.: Don’t stop, please. Go on reading the next paragraph.

 

like + inf. = to think it is good and right

E. g.: I like to go to the dentist twice a year.

like + gerund = enjoy

E. g.: I like eating pizza.

 

mean + inf. = intend to do something

E. g.: I didn’t mean to hurt you yesterday. I just lost my temper.

mean + gerund = to have something else as a result

E. g.: Shopping in the Tesco means standing at the cashier for hours.

 

need + inf. = it is necessary for me to do something

E. g.: I need to go to the dentist.

need + gerund = something has to be done

E. g.: This room needs painting.

 

propose + inf. = intend to do something

E. g.: I propose to go to the dentist.

propose + gerund = suggest something

E. g.: He proposed going to an another restaurant.

 

regret + inf. = to feel sorry to tell or do ( first regret and then do)

E. g.: I regret to inform you that you failed the test.

regret + gerund = do it and then feel sorry (first do and then regret)

E. g.: I regretted asking him to cook dinner. It was awful.

 

remember + inf. = not to forget (first remember then do)

E. g.: Remember to turn the gas off before you leave.

remember + gerund = do something in the past and have the memories ( first do and then remember)

E. g.: I remember playing chess with my dad when I was a little.

 

stop + inf. = have a break to do something

E. g.: We stopped to smoke a cigarette then got back to the car and continued our trip.

stop + gerund = finish

E. g.: Yesterday I stopped smoking. I will never light a cigarette again.

 

try + inf. = make an effort or attempt

E. g.: I tried to open the box but it was locked.

try + gerund = do something as a new experiment or test

E. g.: I have a terrible headache. I think I’ll try taking an aspirin.

 

see, feel, hear, smell  + inf.  =  the whole action was noticed

E. g.: I saw him cross the road.

see, feel, hear, smell  +  gerund  = only a part of the action was noticed

E. g.: I saw him waiting in the bus stop.