Feltételes mód – Conditionals, „if” sentences
Feltételes mód - Conditionals használata és képzése
1.) Zero condition: if + present, present
– ha mindig igaz –
We use it to express something that is always true.
If I have a headache, I take an aspirin. – It is always true. I always take an aspirin whenever I have a headache.
If you go out in the rain, you get wet.
2.) Probable (1st) condition: if + present, will
– ha valószínűleg megtörténik –
We use it to express that something is really possible to happen if something else happens.
If I have money, I will buy a bicycle. – I think it is really possible to have money and if it happens, I will spend it on a bicycle.
If you drive like this, you’ll have an accident.
3.) Hypothetical (2nd) condition: if + past, would
– ha csak elképzeljük –
We use it when we imagine a situation and its results.
If I knew the answer, I would tell you. – I don’t know the answer, but I can imagine this situation and what I would do then.
I’d help you, if I could.
I could go home if it didn’t rain.
Note: we can use ‘could’ instead of ‘would’ and in the ‘if’ part of the sentence, too. ‘might’ is also possible instead of ‘would’.
4.) Impossible (3rd) condition: if + past perfect, would have + 3rd form
– ha már megtörtént, de elképzeljük, mi lett volna, ha –
We use it when we imagine past events and their the results.
If I hadn’t been so tired, I would have gone to the concert. – I was tired and I didn’t go to the concert. I only imagine it.
5.) Mixed condition: if + past perfect, would
– ha már megtörtént, de elképzeljük, mi lenne ha, más lett volna –
We use it when we imagine a past situation and its result in the present.
If he hadn’t missed the plane, he would be here now.
Notes:
– We don’ t normally use ‘will’ and ‘would’ in the ‘if’ part of the sentence. Exception: formal, polite requests. If you would wait here, I’ll call Mr Smith.
We can use:
– unless (if not) You’ll get wet unless you have an umbrella.
– provided/providing Provided she studies hard, she’ll pass the exam.
– even if We’ll go to the park even if it rains.
– as (so) long as You can take my car as long as you drive carefully.